Did you know that between 5% and 10% of breast cancer cases are linked to inherited genetic mutations? While your genetic makeup isn’t visible, understanding your genetic profile can help personalize your screening and improve your chances of preventing breast cancer.
What do genetic tests do? These tests identify specific genetic changes, referred to as pathogenic variants, that individuals inherit from one or both of their parents. These pathogenic variants put you at a greater than average risk for developing breast cancer. The most well-known, high-risk breast cancer genes are BRCA1 and BRCA2. If genetic testing identifies that you inherited a pathogenic variant in one of these genes, measures including early breast cancer screening adding annual breast MRI screening or risk reducing mastectomy can be recommended. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are also associated with increased risk of ovarian, pancreatic and prostate cancer.
How do I know if I’m a candidate for genetic testing? If you have a family history of breast cancer, talk with your gynecologist or primary care physician. Based on the information you provide, your doctor will refer you to a genetics specialist for further review and testing.
When you meet with your genetic specialist, they will review a thorough personal and family cancer history and inquire about other breast cancer risk factors. Based on this information, they may recommend genetic testing. Typically, a blood or saliva sample will be collected for genetic testing. It’s important to know that genetic testing is available for anyone concerned about their risk of breast cancer.
If you are unsure about your risk in connection with your family history, take our 2-minute quiz to learn more.
What do my results mean? A positive result indicates the presence of an inherited pathogenic variant which places you at greater than average risk for developing breast cancer. A negative result means that a pathogenic variant was not detected. It’s important to note that a negative result does not eliminate the possibility that you may still be at elevated risk of developing breast cancer due to a strong family history or personal risk factors. Also, if you are not identified as high risk, it is still important to follow your primary care doctor’s recommendations for routine breast cancer screening including mammogram and clinical breast exam because all women have a risk of developing breast cancer.
What happens next? If you are identified to be at increased risk of breast cancer your doctor can provide a personalized screening and risk reduction plan. Your doctor will also provide guidance for family member testing as your relatives may share your inherited risk factor.
Can I reduce my risk of breast cancer? The most important thing you can do if you are at increased risk of developing breast cancer is to complete regular screenings and monitor your breast health. Other measures include:
- Adopting and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Not smoking, eating a balanced diet, limiting alcohol consumption, staying physically active and maintaining a healthy body mass index (BMI).
- Taking a daily medication to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer by up to 50% for some women at high risk.
- Considering the option of a risk-reducing mastectomy, for some women at high risk.
Endeavor Health recognizes the importance of genetic testing and offers comprehensive care and preventive measures for individuals at a higher risk of developing breast cancer. To learn more about genetic testing, visit us online or call 888-364-6400.
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