We are quite literally surrounded by plastic, and tiny plastic elements known as microplastics are now found just about everywhere — including in plants, animals and human bodies. We know that we are exposed to microplastics through the air we breathe and the food and beverages we consume.
What is less well-known is how these microplastic particles impact health and whether they increase our risk for cancer and other diseases.
Research on the connection between microplastics and cancer is still in its infancy, but there is some evidence that links microplastics to increased inflammation and suppressed immune function and other negative processes related to cancer and chronic degenerative diseases.
Samir Undevia, MD, a hematology and oncology fellowship-trained specialist at Endeavor Health Edward Hospital and Elmhurst Hospital, highlights the importance of ongoing research and potential ways to limit your risks.
Ongoing research on microplastics and health
“Given the possibility that microplastics may increase risks for certain cancers, and at the very least are not beneficial to human health, I think many of my colleagues are anxious to see continued study in this important area,” said Dr. Undevia.
Microplastics have been found in human brain, lung, liver and intestine cells, as well as in breast milk. Studies have looked at the potential for microplastics to cause DNA damage and disrupt microbes in our gut lining.
Some cancers, most notably colorectal cancer, have been on the rise in young adults under 50 and even under 40 in recent decades, and environmental factors like rising amounts of microplastics are an area of concern.
“We are keenly aware of increasing rates of cancer in young people and while lifestyle factors may play a role, it is important to look at environmental variables including microplastics,” said Dr. Undevia.
Practical steps to reduce your exposure
While it is impossible to completely avoid microplastics and plastic exposure in our world, there are some logical ways to try and limit your exposure, including:
- Use glass containers to store food instead of plastic.
- Drink from glassware rather than plastic cups.
- Avoid heating plastic containers, as this may release more microplastics into food and beverages.
“It’s important to be as proactive in maintaining good health and avoiding exposure to known carcinogens,” said Dr. Undevia. “But I don’t want people to excessively focus on things that may be largely out of their control.”
Instead, Dr. Undevia suggests that people focus on maintaining a healthy diet and optimal weight, exercising regularly, not smoking, and staying on top of recommended screenings to minimize their cancer risks.
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